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UID:pretalx-foss4g-it-2023-BYUHZB@talks.staging.osgeo.org
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DESCRIPTION:Global nighttime imaging data\, such as Day/Night Band (DNB) VI
 IRS sensors\, provide global daily measurements of visible light and night
  infrared. Nighttime Light (NTL) remote sensing products have a wide range
  of applications such as feature detection and monitoring\, multitemporal 
 analysis\, and prediction of socio-economics and environmental variables.\
 n\nThis work presents a methodology based primarily on NTL data acquired b
 y the VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite) sensor mounted on 
 Suomi NPP (National Polar-orbiting Partnership) for monitoring the constru
 ction of Uyghur’s detention camp in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
  of the People's Republic of China (PRC). This region is strategically imp
 ortant for PRC\, with three of the 5 economic corridors of the Belt & Road
  Initiative (BRI) crossing this administrative unit. Due to its history an
 d culture strongly linked to the Sunni Islamic world and the independence 
 movements rekindled after the dissolution of the Soviet Union\, this area 
 is particularly sensitive (and consequently\, under special observation) f
 or the Chinese central government. In December 2015\, the National People'
 s Congress passed an anti-terrorism law\, which defined various aspects of
  the Uyghur lifestyle and culture as a security issue\, contextualizing th
 em as terrorists and extremists. \nSince 2014\, PRC has begun the construc
 tion of detention camps\, responding to the first international accusation
 s by denying their existence. Only later\, when the existence of the camps
  was proven more strongly thanks to satellite images and other sources\, t
 he Chinese government changed its narrative\, by acknowledging their exist
 ence only as education camps\, intended to help people find stable jobs an
 d improve their lifestyles.\nThe methodology also exploits day optical ima
 ges acquired by sensors mounted on Sentinel-2 satellites and data produced
  by the Xinjiang Data Project that monitors the human rights situation for
  Uyghurs and other non-Han nationalities in Xinjiang.\n\nHistorical series
  of NTL radiance data has been generated over localities identified as a m
 ass internment camp in a fully automated processing chain based on Google 
 Earth Engine APIs and developed within a Jupiter Notebook\, employing also
  open-source modules. \nThe procedure works with three major steps: \na) e
 xtracts from the database of Google Earth Engine VIIRS nighttime lights da
 ta acquired over a list of provided locations and within a user-defined ti
 me frame\, storing it efficiently\; \nb) calculates statistics over the ra
 diance values and generates charts displaying the historical trends of the
  calculated statistical parameters\; \nc) performs a clustering of the his
 torical series based on Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) and K-Means techniques.
  \nThe script has been released and is available on a dedicated GitHub pag
 e.\n\nAs a result of the procedure\, the 380 camps have been grouped into 
 10 clusters highlighting patterns that can be linked to different phases: 
 construction\, operativity\, enlargement\, dismission\, etc. The interpret
 ation of the clusters has been later validated using the visual interpreta
 tion of sample Sentinel-2 images and by exploring the relationship between
  the radiance value and the historical record of the number of buildings w
 ithin each camp reported in the Xinjiang Data Project dataset.
DTSTAMP:20260504T102734Z
LOCATION:Sala Videoconferenza @ PoliBa
SUMMARY:Automatic analysis of detention camps in Xinjiang (PRC) using Night
 time Light remote sensing data - Andrea Ajmar\, Edoardo Vassallo\, Emere A
 rco
URL:https://talks.staging.osgeo.org/foss4g-it-2023/talk/BYUHZB/
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