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UID:pretalx-foss4g-2024-G8MZKL@talks.staging.osgeo.org
DTSTART;TZID=-03:20241206T104500
DTEND;TZID=-03:20241206T111500
DESCRIPTION:Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have become indispensable 
 tools in public administration\, providing essential insights for decision
 -making. My talk will showcase the application of R\, a free software envi
 ronment for statistical computing and graphics\, in creating detailed maps
  that reveal critical socio-economic and environmental patterns across Bra
 zil. Our work primarily focuses on public health\, education\, environment
 al issues\, and economic development\, demonstrating the transformative po
 wer of open-source GIS in governmental institutions.\n\nThe data sources f
 or our analysis are primarily open data repositories provided by the gover
 nment\, NGOs\, and private institutions. We integrate various datasets\, i
 ncluding public expenditure\, municipal influence\, population\, and hospi
 tal locations. Statistical tools such as clustering\, centrality measures\
 , correlation\, chi-square tests\, and distribution measures are employed 
 to identify patterns and produce significant graphical elements. We utiliz
 e R packages like {geobr} and {spdata} for accessing thematic shapefiles\,
  including states\, municipalities\, municipal seats\, and biomes. Our map
 ping projects often stem from requests by institutions such as the Nationa
 l Treasury Secretariat and the Vice-Presidency of the Republic\, as well a
 s spontaneous contributions to the data science ecosystem.\n\nOne of our k
 ey findings relates to healthcare access. Cities with low management capac
 ity and influence are typically associated with significant travel distanc
 es for hospital care. In the realm of education and human development\, pu
 blic education policies have reshaped the municipal HDI map of Brazil betw
 een 1991 and 2010\, particularly in the Northeast. In Ceará\, education i
 mprovements were pivotal in enhancing HDI from 1991 to 2010. The impact of
  COVID-19 has also been a critical area of focus. By the first anniversary
  of the epidemic\, numerous Brazilian municipalities reported death tolls 
 nearing the total deaths observed from 2014 to 2018.\n\nClimate change exa
 cerbates natural disaster issues in Brazil\, notably floods and droughts i
 n Rio Grande do Sul and the Amazon region. Despite most Brazilian homes ha
 ving at least one bathroom\, maps reveal that the North region and Maranh
 ão still have many municipalities with low proportions of homes with bath
 rooms. Conversely\, the South and Southeast regions\, especially São Paul
 o\, show high proportions of residences with access to central water suppl
 y networks. When considering environmental pressure\, many Global South co
 untries see their HDI positions improve\, while the Global North\, notably
  Canada\, experiences a significant decline.\n\nEconomic analysis reveals 
 that in Brazil\, five clusters of municipalities are formed based on munic
 ipal GDP components. Maps highlight patterns associated with agricultural 
 strength in the West\, wealth in São Paulo\, and significant economic dep
 rivation in the Northeast and northern Minas Gerais. On a broader scale\, 
 Brazil stands out with the largest GDP growth in South America from 1960 t
 o 2023\, while Argentina and Venezuela have seen their shares plummet\, an
 d Chile remains stable.\n\nThe maps generated serve multiple purposes. The
 y are integral to storytelling\, dashboards\, and publications on platform
 s like Medium. Some maps are intended solely for internal use by the reque
 sting institutions. Many projects have their codes available on GitHub or 
 Gist\, promoting transparency and collaboration within the data science co
 mmunity.\n\nOur work demonstrates the profound impact of using open-source
  GIS tools in governmental institutions. The ability to visualize and anal
 yze complex data sets in a spatial context has enabled more informed decis
 ion-making and public policy development. By sharing our methods and findi
 ngs\, we aim to inspire other governmental bodies to adopt similar practic
 es\, ultimately fostering greater transparency and efficiency in public ad
 ministration.
DTSTAMP:20260504T102735Z
LOCATION:Room III
SUMMARY:Utilizing R for Open-Source GIS in Brazilian Governmental Instituti
 ons: Enhancing Public Policy Through Detailed Mapping - Fernando Almeida B
 arbalho
URL:https://talks.staging.osgeo.org/foss4g-2024/talk/G8MZKL/
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